What are the basic data types in Python?

Python provides several built-in data types:

Numeric types:

• int — integers of arbitrary precision: 42, -7, 1_000_000
• float — floating-point numbers: 3.14, -0.5, 1e10
• complex — complex numbers: 3+4j

Text type:

• str — character string: "Hello", 'Python'

Boolean type:

• bool — takes values True or False

Special type:

• NoneType — the single value None, meaning the absence of a value

Type conversion:

# Explicit type conversion
x = int("42")       # str → int
y = float(42)       # int → float
z = str(3.14)       # float → str
w = bool(0)          # int → bool (False)

# Type checking
print(type(x))  # <class 'int'>